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A multi-objective linear programming (MOLP) model based on a hybrid Input–Output (IO) framework is presented. This model aims at assessing the trade-offs between economic, energy, environmental (E3) and social objectives in the Brazilian economic system. This combination of multi-objective models with Input–Output Analysis (IOA) plays a supplementary role in understanding the interactions between...
The present work aims to provide a realistic picture of the efficiency along the European continental coasts of ten representative wave energy converters. The main coastal environments targeted are the western sides of Scandinavia, Ireland, UK, Iberian Peninsula and also the Mediterranean and Black seas. In order to evaluate the wave climate corresponding to these coastal areas, several reference...
This article proposes a novel hybrid system, integrating high temperature MCFC-GT (molten carbonate fuel cell-gas turbine) and ORC (organic Rankine cycle), which provides the possibility to achieve high electrical and exergetic efficiencies owing to the subsequent electrical power output in the bottoming cycle. After developing a mathematical model, comprehensive energetic, exergetic, economic and...
Precise prediction of thermal processes is one of the major concerns in the field of heat transfer and within energy research communities. It has been proven that using LTE (local thermal equilibrium) conditions within a porous medium may give researchers erroneous data. From another point of view, the entropy generation which is directly related to the loss of available work within a system, is in...
A “4-cell” modular passive DMFC (direct methanol fuel cell) stack, which can be freely combined and applied to various electronic devices, is designed, fabricated and tested. Two PCB (printed circuit board) based accessories are designed and fabricated for electrically connecting and mechanically assembling the “4-cell” modules. The maximum power density of the “4-cell” module is 27 mW cm −2 ...
This study compares the thermodynamic performance of three industrial bread production chains: one that generates food waste, one that avoids food waste generation, and one that reworks food waste to produce new bread. The chemical exergy flows were found to be much larger than the physical exergy consumed in all the industrial bread chains studied. The par-baked brown bun production chain had the...
Thermal energy storage systems improve the inefficiency of industrial processes and renewable energy systems (supply versus demand). Chemical reaction is a promising way to store thermal energy because of its high energy storage density, long-term energy storage, etc. This study investigated an MgO/H 2 O chemical thermal storage system that stores thermal energy by decomposing Mg(OH) 2...
ICE (Industrial carbon emission) is one of most important sources of anthropogenic carbon emissions. To reduce the carbon emissions, many countries, particularly China, have adjusted their industrial structures and improved energy efficiency. The complete decomposition technique and decoupling method were used to investigate and quantitatively analyze the main factors influencing the energy-related...
A double-effect distillation system allows a significant reduction in energy consumption, since the condensers and reboilers of different columns can be integrated thermally. To achieve this goal, some columns operate under a vacuum, while others operate close to atmospheric pressure. These pressure levels bring about different temperature levels, allowing energy recovery. Thus, the aim of this study...
The Swedish energy audit program is a publicly financed program, mainly targeting small and medium-sized firms to help them finance energy audits. By examining suggested and implemented energy efficiency measures from the energy audits conducted in 241 firms in the program, the aim of this paper is to examine the energy efficiency implementation gap and the cost efficiency of the program.The audits...
The study focuses on the effect of CR (compression ratio) on the emission, performance and, combustion characteristics of a gasoline engine fueled with iso-butanol (10%, 30% and 50%) blended gasoline fuel. The tests were conducted for three different CRs (9:1, 10:1 and 11:1) at 2600 rpm and wide-open throttle. The results indicate that the BSCF (brake specific fuel consumption), BTE (brake thermal...
This study presents a model-based optimization strategy for an actual chiller driven dehumidifier of liquid desiccant dehumidification system operating with lithium chloride solution. By analyzing the characteristics of the components, energy predictive models for the components in the dehumidifier are developed. To minimize the energy usage while maintaining the outlet air conditions at the pre-specified...
Uniform Sn/C hybrid core/shell nanocomposites were synthesized by a combination of electrospinning and subsequent thermal treatment in a reducing atmosphere. The particular three-dimensional architecture, consisting of a Sn@C nanoparticle core and porous hollow carbon nanofiber shell, is characterized by many micro/nanochannels, enhanced mechanical support from the three-dimensional hollow carbon...
A possible pathway for renewable and sustainable methane production from captured carbon dioxide, water (or seawater) and renewable electricity is proposed and analysed. The proposed system includes Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell combined with ex-situ methane synthesis reactor comprising Sabatier, Methanation and Water-Gas Shift reactions. A well validated electrochemical model is used to describe...
Biomass is considered a potential energy source which can be efficiently converted to useful gaseous products via a gasification process. Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) gasifiers have attracted significant attention due to their high reaction rates and thermal efficiency. This study aims to investigate the CFB biomass gasification process to generate H 2 -rich synthesis gas. A process simulator...
We forecast hourly solar irradiance time series using a novel hybrid model based on SOM (self-organizing maps), SVR (support vector regression) and PSO (particle swarm optimization). In order to solve the noise and stationarity problems in the statistical time series forecasting modelling process, SOM is applied to partition the whole input space into several disjointed regions with different characteristic...
Using pyridine nitrogen as representative of nitrogen-containing char model, detailed theoretical calculations based on DFT (density functional theory) and conventional TST (transition state theory) are carried out to investigate the thermodynamics and kinetics of the heterogeneous interaction between NO (nitric oxide) and char(N) (char bound nitrogen) during coal combustion. Focus is directed on...
In this study, a thermodynamic comparison of five supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycles integrated with a solar power tower was conducted. The Brayton cycles analyzed were simple Brayton cycle, regenerative Brayton cycle, recompression Brayton cycle, pre-compression Brayton cycle, and split expansion Brayton cycle. A complete mathematical code was developed to carry out the analysis. A heliostat...
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